An Open Book on Conservation Management
On Florenden Farms, innovation is a father-son business. Mike Sullivan of Burdette, Arkansas, lives and works alongside his son Ryan, a 5th generation farmer on their 13,000 acre rice farm. Conservation practices under Mike’s management include everything from selling carbon strategies to introducing row rice, a departure from traditional levee-flooded rice fields, and Ryan continues to accelerate their work in measuring and communicating the impact of their innovative sustainability management.
Recently, Ryan has participated in research with Arkansas’s local USDA Agricultural Research Service unit, setting up a series of test fields to pilot different approaches to flooding and measure which approaches results in beneficial outcomes like reduced water usage and reduced methane production. A field using levee-flooding serves as a control, while their other fields now use alternative wetting and drying (AWD) techniques; side inlet delivery which allows a computer to regulate water application through a polypipe running the length of the field; and row rice (also known as furrow irrigated rice) fields.
Rice is typically grown in paddies, or fields flooded with water. Row rice irrigates the furrows between the rows and is gaining greater interest from farmers like Ryan because of the potential to reduce tillage passes, plant earlier and explore the use of no-till and cover crops. Recent studies have shown that row rice uses significantly less water than flooded rice that utilizes polypipe or multiple inlet rice irrigation and there is not a significant difference in the yields between the two approaches.
“Row rice is a new concept, but by tracking and evaluating the AWD techniques in place, we’re able to feel more comfortable expanding those acres,” says Ryan. “We’re able to quantify the amount of water used to irrigate all these different treatments to see how it compares to the traditional watering methods.”
Mike and Ryan Sullivan
4th and 5th Generation Farmers
Burdette, Arkansas
The Sullivans were first introduced to Field to Market’s Fieldprint Platform in 2016 through the USA Rice-Ducks Unlimited Regional Conservation Partnership Program (RCPP), and have been entering data since, allowing them to further analyze these water management techniques areas to foster greater irrigated water use efficiency and conserve water.
The Sullivans' precise rice irrigation techniques have multiple conservation benefits. They can track these outcomes in the Platform, including mapping their reduced water usage and methane output, a greenhouse gas produced from flooded rice fields, ultimately allowing them to better understand when and how to dry their fields without sacrificing productivity. These techniques also translate to economic benefits.
After all, implementing new technologies always has to prove its worth to the farmer.
“Yields have to be the main driver,” says Mike. “Saving water and reducing methane is great, but can row rice maintain yields equivalent to levee rice fields? That’s why the data is key—by collecting data in tools like the Fieldprint Platform, you feel more comfortable trying something new on a single field instead of your whole farm. You try it one year, a few more the next, without committing to the whole ball of wax before you know its worth.”
Mike is candid that he’s supported new sustainability techniques and armed his son to introduce increasingly innovative measures, but adopting new conservation practices and analyzing environmental impact has to be grounded in economic realities. “At the end of the day, sustainability means you have to be able to farm again—so you can’t be sustainable if you’re not making a profit,” says Mike.
Mike hopes that as consumer interest in sustainability grows, there will be increasing value for farmers in being able to translate data about their environmental performance to consumers down the supply chain. “The general public wants to know where their food comes from,” says Mike. “And we as farmers have not done a great job. We’ve been on the defensive for so long. But with the data we collect here on our farm, covering everything from fuel use, tillage, fertilizer, from start to finish—we’ve got an open book.”
He recognizes that the value proposition to scale what he’s doing on his farm to the rice industry writ large has a longer road to travel. Mike is eager to see how new technologies like block chain and the growing interest from downstream customers translates into added value for the American farmer.
“We’ve got the technology to be able to communicate about the great work we’re doing,” says Mike. “But frankly, we can’t do this for nothing. To me, if a farmer can provide this data and connect the dots, they should be rewarded for going above and beyond to meet that consumer demand. If downstream companies want more rice producers to pursue sustainability, they have got to explore paying for performance.”
"The Sullivan family farming operation is truly a testament to conservation based production agriculture and stewardship. Their willingness to open their operation up to research as well as the adoption of innovative production methods and conservation activities all support Mike and Ryan’s goal of leaving this family operation better than when they began farming and 100% sustainable so that future generations can carry on."
Britt Morrison
Mississippi County District Conservationist
USDA NRCS
"The general public wants to know where their food comes from, and we as farmers have not done a great job. But with the data we collect here on our farm, covering everything from fuel use, tillage, fertilizer, from start to finish—we’ve got an open book.”
Mike Sullivan
4th Generation Farmer
Burdette, Arkansas
Read Other Farmer Spotlights: